The program was developed at the Department of Oriental Studies of MGIMO (U) of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation

Authors-compilers: Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor Doctor of Pedagogical Sciences, Professor A.D. with the participation of Candidate of Historical Sciences, Professor Doctor of Historical Sciences L. M. Efimova, , I. D. Zvyagelskaya, A. Doctor of Historical Sciences. M. A. Sapronova, Ph. D., Professor B. S. Starostin, Ph. D., Professor N. V. Stepanova, Ph. D., Associate Professor

I. ORGANIZATIONAL AND METHODOLOGICAL SECTION

The role of Asian and African countries in global processes and in the system of international relations continues to increase. The emergence of a unipolar world, the extraordinary strengthening of a single superpower, cannot stop this process. The demographic factor alone - the huge preponderance of non-Europeans in the world's population-shows this. The natural reaction of non-European civilizations and peoples to the process of globalization will be expressed in the intensification of the search for identity, in the actualization of their rich cultural traditions.

The strengthening of ideological trends that can be combined with the term fundamentalism is evident in the Muslim world, in India, and in Southeast Asia. Similar processes are observed, although less clearly, in China, Korea, and Japan.

In this regard, it becomes an urgent task to introduce future young specialists to the traditional ideological complex of non-European countries.

The emergence and development of a modern economy in the Eastern countries; the transformation (sometimes-breaking) of the social structure; both stimulating and depressing influence of the world market of goods, services, and capital; political pressure from more developed countries, on the one hand, and new opportunities for third world countries to influence the course of world processes, on the other, - all these conflicting factors determine the forms and methods of modification of traditional ideas, their adaptation to the needs of modernity, and often their reanimation in a more or less distorted, grotesque form.

The purpose of this course is to examine a part of this complex, those components of traditional consciousness that can be called socio-political thought, and the transformation of this component in the historical conditions of modern and modern times under the influence of internal and external factors.

Socio-political thought throughout history in most societies was not a separate sphere of knowledge. The process of separating the natural sciences and humanities from a single set of knowledge (philosophy) in Europe began to occur with the beginning of Modern times.

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In the East, this process also began-both independently of and under the influence of Europe-but it did not end. It is true to say that Hinduism or Islam is not only a religion, but also a way of life. Not only in the sense that religion dictates the nature of family relations and food and aesthetic norms, but also in the sense that it determines the nature of thinking, including the nature of thinking in politics and secular life in general. In the East, all spiritual processes are connected with religion, in one way or another sacral. This applies least of all to the countries of the Far Eastern civilization. There, the place of religion is occupied by teachings, where ethical and political instructions take the central place. But the undifferentiation, the connectedness of all aspects of life that seem different to us, is also characteristic of them.

Thus, when we single out the discipline "History of Socio-political Thought in the Countries of the East", we perform a certain surgical operation, trying to dissect with an analytical scalpel a single practical-philosophical-religious whole, to isolate from it those elements that in further development could lead, or indeed led, to the formulation of political theories that differ from Western ones.

This is necessary because in the context of globalization, the ideas about the "normal" structure of society developed by Western European civilization are spreading to the whole world, and, consequently, the subordination, oblivion, and annihilation of the principles on which non-European countries and peoples have been based and built their lives for centuries.

This causes discontent, rejection, reaching the point of denying any value for the peoples of the world of Western European ideas by origin. No matter how one treats these ideas (democracy, pluralism, liberalism, etc.), one cannot deny that they are more universal and have a greater appeal and spread despite all the obstacles that they have to overcome. Any search for "one's own way" or a "third way" is impossible without at least partial borrowing of Western ideas.

But globalization is not going quite according to the scenario of the West. In a future unified world, the ideas developed by the East will definitely be in demand, although it is unclear what their specific weight will be.

The suppression of local traditions, the contemptuous attitude towards the ideological heritage of the East as "dead trash" was characteristic of the period of colonialism, when it seemed that the peoples of the East had no other way but to either die out or become Europeanized. But with the independence of these countries, it becomes increasingly clear that the traditions of the countries of the East must be taken into account, taken into account.

Of course, the current increase in anti-Westernism or anti-Americanism only hinders the positive process. All attempts to proclaim the superiority of the East over the West (as well as the West over the East) in the past or present are extremely unproductive. However, such phenomena in the spiritual life of the East also require careful study, since they pose a serious danger to all of humanity.

The course consists of lectures on general problems of non-European socio-political thought and lectures devoted to the consideration of individual civilizational complexes in their development. Lectures are interspersed with seminars, where the lecture material will be fixed.

From the complex of religious and philosophical ideas, the following stand out::

- ideas about society - its structure, system of values, its goals, the role of the individual and the collective;

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- the legal system as an indicator of understanding "justice" in a given society and the role of the moral factor in everyday life and politics;

- ideas about the state - its origin (the degree of sacralization of power and the sovereign), its purpose (the presence or absence of imperial ideology), its functions (in particular, in the economy), its "proper" structure;

- ideas about interstate relations (attitude to war and peace, treaties and agreements).

The main focus is on the understanding of all these issues that is contained in religious and other normative texts, since these texts currently serve as a source from which material is drawn for the "revival" and "return to purity" of the original religion and social structure. However, attention will also be paid to the correlation between the theory and actual functioning of certain religious institutions.

On the basis of an objective consideration of traditional views, the "recent history" of socio-political thought in Eastern countries will be given in detail - the clash of traditional norms and European ideas, the formation of both synthetic socio - political theories and reactionary doctrines hostile to objectively ongoing processes.

II. COURSE CONTENT

Topic 1. Traditional socio-political thought of the Eastern countries and modernity

Definition of the content of concepts: social and political thought.

The importance of studying the traditional socio-political thought of the East in the context of globalization and the spread of Western values. The danger of the tendency to forget and push aside the principles that have guided non-European peoples for centuries. The destructiveness of ideas about the superiority of the West over the East, as well as about the superiority of the East over the West.

Non-differentiation of religious, philosophical, ethical, social and political views in the countries of the East in antiquity and the Middle Ages. The sacred in the life of society. The problem of distinguishing socio-political thought from this complex. General and special aspects of understanding society and the state in the Far Eastern, Indian and Arab - Muslim civilizations.

The problem of mutual influences of civilizations: assimilation of the secondary and rejection of the essential. An example of the spread of Marxism in some Eastern countries in the XX century. Identification of a civilization through the attitude to it from the outside. Features of assimilation of Western political and social ideas in the period of colonialism and at the present time. Superficial Westernization of socio-political terminology in the liberated countries.

"Revival" of traditions in the countries of the East and fundamentalism. Ideological trends of "returning to the roots". The search for Western values in the traditions of their countries. The use of Western ideas in the fight against globalization and Westernization.

The problem of formulating universal values and the role of Eastern traditions in this process.

Questions for the workshop

1. Practical significance of studying traditional socio-political views.

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2. Politics, economics, ethics and ritual in the social thought of the Eastern countries in ancient and Middle Ages.

3. The problem of mutual influences of civilizations.

4. The problem of synthesis of "Western" and "Eastern" values.

Literature

Authoritarianism and Democracy in Developing Countries, Moscow, 2001.

The state in the pre-capitalist societies of Asia. Collection of articles, Moscow, 1987.

The phenomenon of Eastern despotism: the structure of Governance and power, Moscow, 1993.

Stepanyants M. T. Vostochnaya filosofiya [Eastern Philosophy], Moscow, 2001 (recommended for the entire course).

Thompson M. Vostochnaya filosofiya [Eastern Philosophy], Moscow, 2000.

Levin Z. I. Development of public thought in the East. The colonial period. XIX-XX centuries. Moscow, 1993.

Levin, Z. I. Obshchestvennaya mysl ' na Vostoke [Public Thought in the East]. Postcolonial period, Moscow, 1999 (recommended for the entire course).

History of philosophy. Editor's note. Stepanyants M. T. M, 1998 (recommended for the entire course).

Political Culture of Asian and African countries, Moscow, 1996.

Malysheva D. Islamsko-fundamentalisticheskiy proekt v realiiakh sovremennogo mira [Islamic-Fundamentalist project in the realities of the modern world]. 1999, N 7.

Topic 2. Formation of socio-political concepts in ancient China.

The struggle of socio-political concepts in ancient China - "let a hundred schools compete".

Confucianism: the socio-political component of teaching in a comparative perspective. Confucius as a politician, thinker and personality. Confucianism in contemporary Chinese Political Thought.

Moism: the socio-political component of teaching in a comparative perspective. The main philosophical and socio-political categories of teaching.

Legalism. Shang Yang's economic reconstruction program. Shang Yang's political program. The main socio-political characteristics of the teaching.

Synthesis of Confucianism and Legalism: Xun-tzu and Han Feizi.

The social component of Taoism and the basic principles of teaching.

Questions for the workshop

1. Specifics of the main socio-political teachings in China.

2. The main socio-political ideas of moism.

3. Socio-political views of legists.

4. Confucianism and Legalism: problems of synthesis of socio-political representations.

5. The social component of Taoism.

Literature

Ancient Chinese philosophy. Collection of texts in 2 volumes, Moscow, 1973.

Atheists, materialists, dialectics of ancient China, Moscow, 1967.

Bykov F. S. Origin of political and philosophical thought in China, Moscow, 1967.

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Vasiliev K. V. Istoki kitayskoi tsivilizatsii [The Origins of Chinese Civilization], Moscow, 1998.

Vasiliev L. S. Kulty, religii, traditsii v drevnem Kitae [Cults, Religions, Traditions in ancient China]. Moscow, 1970.

Tao and Taoism in China, Moscow, 1972.

Chinese Social Utopias, Moscow, 1987.

Kobzev A. I. The teaching of Wang Yanming and classical Chinese Philosophy. Moscow, 1983.

Problema cheloveka v traditsionnykh kitayskikh ucheniyakh [The Human problem in traditional Chinese Teachings].

Titarenko M. L. Drevnekitayskiy filosof Mo Di [Ancient Chinese Philosopher of the Moscow Region]. Moscow, 1985.

Feoktistov E. F. Filosofskie i obshchestvenno-politicheskie vzglyad Syun-tzu [Philosophical and socio-political views of Sun-tzu]. Moscow, 1976.

Topic 3. The doctrine of the state and man in Confucianism: a comparative analysis.

Confucius on man.

The category of jun-tzu - "noble husband".

Category ren - humanity, humanity, charity, virtue. Category wen-pattern.

Categories he and tun-consent. The doctrine of socio-political consent.

17 characteristic features of a scientist's behavior. Category xiaoren-commoner as a forced person. Socio-political stratification in the views of Confucians.

Categories of de, li, and xiao.

The teachings of Confucius on society. Legists and Confucians on the foundations of social order. The Confucius model of society.

Confucius on the State. The li and fa categories. Law in Confucianism and the Legists. Idealization of gu antiquity.

A system of ideas about the organization of management. Sky category and its place in the state management system. The concept of zhengming-ordering names. Three types of states according to Confucius.

Questions for the workshop

1. Confucianism is a general characteristic of the socio-political component of the teaching.

2. The Confucian doctrine of society.

3. The main philosophical and socio-political categories of Confucianism.

4. The doctrine of the State in Confucianism.

5. Confucian system of ideas about management.

Literature

Perelomov L. S. Confucius: life, teaching, fate. Moscow, 1993.

Malyavin V. V. Confucius, Moscow, 1992.

Semenenko I. I. Aphorisms of Confucius, Moscow, 1987.

Topic 4. The doctrine of state administration in medieval China.

The socio-political pathos of Li Gou's treatise.

Tasks of the ruler according to Li Gou's treatise "State Enrichment Plan". The problem of keeping the measure and the doctrine of "measure". The concept of "strengthen the main - suppress the secondary". The concept of "charging the people according to the norm".

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The doctrine of money as the breadwinner of power. Plan to eliminate abuses by the ruler.

The doctrine of strengthening the army and its relation to political doctrines in China. The concept of "military settlements", its historical and modern socio-political content.

The problem of the relationship between the ruler and the commander according to Li Gou. The doctrine of rational use of the talent of a civil servant.

The concept of relations between the government and the people according to Li Gou's treatise "The Plan for Calming the people". The problem of improving the "temper of the people" and ways of "commanding the people". Ways to "manage the people". The problem of "providing for the people".

Traditional Chinese ideas about state governance: place in the history of state thought and significance for today.

Questions for the workshop

1. Tasks of the ruler in the medieval Chinese doctrine of state administration.

2. The doctrine of money as the breadwinner of power.

3. Ideas about strengthening the role of the army.

4. The role of the commander in the doctrine of state governance Li Gou.

5. The doctrine of rational use of civil servant talents.

6. Ideas about the relationship between the government and the people.

7. The significance of Li Gou concepts from the point of view of modern theories of socio-political management.

Literature

Lapina Z. G. Uchenie ob upravleniyu gosudarstvennom v srednevekovom Kitae [The Doctrine of State Management in medieval China]. Moscow, 1985. Iskusstvo vlast'stv [The Art of Ruling], Moscow, 2001.

Topic 5. China's inclusion in the dialogue with European thought: problems of adaptation

The phenomenon of "growth without development" in China during the Ming and Qing governments. Ideas about virtuous government and reformist ideas in the views of opposition-minded scholars of the Hanlin and Donglin academies. Ideology of religious sects and secret societies during the dynastic crisis.

Awareness of the need to transform Chinese society and modernize it. The violent nature of the opening of China as an obstacle to the perception of Western values by the Chinese. The penetration of Christian ideas and Taiping's attempt at a radical break with the past.

"The policy of self-reinforcement" - borrowing industrial technologies without changing the system of Eastern despotism: causes and consequences. Drawing on foreign experience in the reform of political institutions in the constructions of the ideologists of the constitutional-monarchical wing of Chinese reformers-Kang Yuwei, Liang Qichao, Tan Xitong, etc. Wang Tao, Yan Fu and the problems of translating the basic concepts of Western political culture into the language of the Confucian school. "One Hundred Days of Reform" (1898) - the collapse of the attempt to modernize Chinese society "from above".

Main approaches to the perception of Western cultural values in the Chinese elite at the end of the 19th century Differences between representatives of the reformist and revolutionary wings in the question of the degree of readiness of the Chinese nation for democratic transformations-

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calls. "New politics" and "Sinicization" of European ideas in order to revive China as a strong and rich state.

Questions for the workshop

1. Conceptual differences between Christian ideas and Confucian worldview.

2. Western philosophical, political and ethical categories that do not fit into the conceptual framework of traditional political culture.

3. The influence of the demonstration effect of Japan on the formation of the "inferiority - superiority" complex of the Chinese.

4. The logic of Chinese thinkers ' interpretation of Western political vocabulary.

5. The essence of the differences between reformers and revolutionaries in the process of forming the modern political ideology of China.

Literature

Borokh L. N. Confucianism and European Thought at the Turn of the XIX-XX centuries. Moscow, 2001.

Delyusin L. P. Polemika o puti razvitiya Kitay [Polemics on the ways of China's development]. Search for ways of social development, Moscow, 1979.

Katkova Z. D., Chudodeev Yu. V. China - Japan: Love or hate? On the problem of the evolution of socio-psychological and political stereotypes of interaction (VII century AD - 30 - 40-e gody XX V.). Vtoroe izdanie [Second edition], Moscow, 2002.

Kalyuzhnaya N. M. Tradition and Revolution: Zhang Binglin (1869-1936) - Chinese thinker and political figure of the new time. Moscow, 1995.

Chinese philosophy. Encyclopedic dictionary, Moscow, 1994.

Confucianism in China. Problems of theory and practice, Moscow, 1982.

Krushinsky A. A. Creativity of Yan Fu and the problem of translation. Moscow, 1989.

Maksimov D. A. Political and legal views of Kang Yuwei // Problems of the Far East. 2001, N 5. pp. 108-118.

Moskalev A. A. Doktorina kitayskoy natsii [The Doctrine of the Chinese Nation]. 2002, N 5. pp. 126-138.

Nepomnin O. E. Qing China and Tokugawa Japan: Two Models of Traditional Society. / Vostok-Rossiya-Zapad [East-Russia-West], Moscow, 2001, pp. 589-625.

Tikhvinskiy S. L. Dvizhenie za reformy v Kitae v kontsey XIX veka [The Movement for Reforms in China at the end of the 19th Century]. Moscow, 1980.

Feng Yulan. A Brief History of Chinese Philosophy, St. Petersburg, 1998.

Topic 6. Sun Yat-sen's socio-political concepts.

Socio-political situation in China and the world at the end of the 19th century

Mastering the concepts of Western culture and philosophy in Chinese society at the end of the XIX century. Transformation of traditional Confucianism, its ethical categories and perception of the ideas of European political philosophy. Political and legal problems in transformed Confucianism and the influence of the theories of European statism on them.

Social and political views of Sun Yat-sen at an early stage of his activity. Political and agricultural program.

Social and political situation in China and the world at the beginning of the XX century. Social and political views of Sun Yat - sen at the beginning of the XX century.

"Country Building Program" by Sun Yat-sen. The doctrine of the "three people's principles" and the attitude to communist ideas.

Sun Yat-sen's program of the 1920s "Manifesto" and" Testament " of Sun Yat-sen. Split among Sunyatsenism supporters after Sun Yat-sen's death. The significance of Sun Yat - sen's socio-political legacy.

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Questions for the workshop

1. Peculiarities of perception of the ideas of European political philosophy in China at the end of the XIX century.

2. Sun Yat-sen's socio-political views at an early stage of his political activity. Political and agricultural programs.

3. Social and political views of Sun Yat-sen at the beginning of the XX century.

4. Sun Yat-sen's program of the 1920s.

5. The significance of Sun Yat-sen's socio-political legacy.

Literature

Borokh L. N. Confucianism and European Thought at the Turn of the XIX-XX centuries. Moscow, 2001. Sun Yat-sen. Selected works, Moscow, 1985.

Tikhvinsky S. L. Sun Yat-sen. Foreign Policy views and Practice, Moscow, 1964. Borokh L. N. Public thought of China and socialism (the beginning of the XX century). Moscow, 1985. Socio-political Thought in China (late XX-early XX century). XX century). Moscow, 1989.

Sukharchuk G. D. Socio-economic views of the political leaders of China in the first half of the XX century Moscow, 1983.

Krymov A. G. Public Thought and Ideological Struggle in China (1900-1917), Moscow, 1980. Efimov G. V. Sun Yat-sen. Search for a path. 1914-1922. Moscow, 1981.

Topic 7. Social and political concepts of Chiang Kai-shek and Mao Zedong.

Socio-political situation in China after the death of Sun Yat-sen. The main ideas of Chiang Kai-shek and his teachings of the late 20s of the XX century.

The doctrine of the Chinese Nation. The concept of "territory of national existence", the idea of "five peoples of the Chinese nation".

Causes of the decline of the nation according to Chiang Kai-shek. "The ideal social order" by Chiang Kai-shek. Program of the National Revolution. The doctrine of perestroika of psychology, perestroika of school, individual personality. Ideas about nationalism, democracy, and the rule of law. Restructuring social customs and improving social morals by Chiang Kai-shek.

The concept: "The state is the father of the people". Chiang Kai-shek's agricultural program. Modification of Sunyatsen's concept of mingsheng - "people's welfare".

The significance of Chiang Kai-shek's socio-political ideas from the point of view of today.

The theory of classes and class struggle as interpreted by Mao Zedong. An analysis of the classes of Chinese society by Mao Zedong. Political criteria in the analysis of the class structure of society. Sun Yat-sen and Mao Zedong on classes. A utilitarian assessment of the potential role of the petty bourgeoisie by Mao Zedong.

Mao Zedong's "New General Line" and the "Three Red Banner Line". Theory of revisionism and the need to undermine social stability.

The importance of the army in Mao Zedong's political constructs. The concept of building a" new society " according to Mao Zedong.

The significance of Mao Zedong's concepts for world socio-political thought.

Questions for the workshop

1. The main ideas of the doctrine of the Chinese nation by Chiang Kai-shek.

2. Chiang Kai-shek's ideal socio-political system.

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3. Chiang Kai-shek's National Revolution Program.

4. Concept: "The state is the father of the people".

5. Chiang Kai-shek's agricultural program.

6. The theory of classes and class struggle as interpreted by Mao Zedong.

7. "New General Line" and "Three Red Banners line".

8. The theory of revisionism and the need to undermine social stability.

9. The significance of the concepts of Chiang Kai-shek and Mao Zedong for world socio-political thought.

Literature

Chiang Kai-shek. The fate of China. 1943.

Galenovich Yu. Jiang Zhongzheng or the unknown Chiang Kai-shek. M. 1999.

Delyusin L. P. Dispute about socialism in China, Moscow, 1980.

Burlatsky F. Mao Zedong and His Successors, Moscow, 1979.

Galenovich Yu. The Death of Liu Shaoqi, Moscow, 2000.

Galenovich Yu. Whether Deng Xiaoping is right, or Chinese dissidents on the threshold of the XXI century, Moscow, 2000.

Vladimirov O., Il'in M. A. Evolyutsiya politiki i ideologii maoizma v 70-kh - nachale 80-kh. [Evolution of politics and ideology of Maoism in the 70s-early 80s].

Critique of Mao Zedong's Theoretical Concepts, Moscow, 1970.

Wang Ming, Lenin, Leninism and the Chinese Revolution, Moscow, 1970.

Deng Xiaoping. Favourites. Beijing, 1985.

Li Dazhao. Selected Works, Moscow, 1989.

Mao Zedong. Selected works, Moscow, 1953.

Topic 8. Indian socio-political thought in ancient times

Features of the sacred books of India as historical sources. Dharmashastra and arthashastra. Epic poems "Mahabharata" and "Ramayana" as sources for studying socio-political thought.

Justification of social hierarchy, inequality and caste system. The Doctrine of the Four Varnas. Hierarchy as the main principle of understanding the structure of the world and society. Dharma as a social duty. Varnasramadharma is an attempt to regulate the whole complex of social relations.

Features of law: eternity (in this sense, sacredness), the principle of inequality, inconsistency.

The doctrine of the State. Legends about the origin of royal power. "Seven members" of the state. The king and the gods. Rite of rajasuya. The duties of the king (rajadharma) and the unlimited power of the king. The king as the owner of everything, and the king as a mercenary who receives payment. The role of the tsar in the administration of justice. The legitimacy of removing a king who acts contrary to dharma. The Ramrajya concept. The problem of the relationship between the ruler and the priest. Recognition of the plurality of customs of communities, related groups, corporations and castes.

Foreign policy concepts. The ashwamedha rite. The concept of the universal king (chakravartin). The concept of the mandala of realms. Aggressiveness as a natural quality of the state.

Questions for the workshop

1. The relation of ritual, theory and reality in the dharmashastras and Artha-shastra.

2. Variants of legends about the origin of royal power.

3. The problem of sacredness of tsarist power.

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4. Duties and rights of the four Warns.

5. Ancient Indian understanding of statehood, expressed in the doctrine of the "seven members" of the state.

Literature

The laws of Manu. Translated by S. D. Elmanovich, verified and corrected by G. F. Ilyin, Moscow, 1960.

Samozvantsev A.M. Kniga mudretsa Yajnavalkya [The Book of the Sage Yajnavalkya]. Moscow, 1994.

Narada's Dharmashastra. Translated from Sanskrit by A. A. Vigasin and A. M. Samozvantsev. Introductory article by A. A. Vigasin, Moscow, 1998.

Arthashastra or the science of politics. Translated from Sanskrit. The publication was prepared by V. I. Kalyanov, Moscow-L., 1959.

Vigasin A. A., Samozvantsev A.M. "Arthashastra". Problems of Social Structure and Law, Moscow, 1984.

Vigasin A. A. Arthashastra and ritualism (two chapters from the "Treatise on Politics") / / Ancient cultures of Eastern and Southern Asia, Moscow, 1999. pp. 23-43.

Basham A. The Miracle that India was, Moscow, 1977.

Bongard-Levin G. M. Ancient India. History and culture. St. Petersburg, 2001.

Bongard-Levin G. M. Ancient Indian Civilization: History. Religion. Philosophy. The epic. Literature. Science. Meeting of cultures. 3rd ed., reprint. Moscow, 2000.

Samozvantsev A.M. Problemy organizatsii indiskogo obshchestva v kontse I thys. B.C. - pervykh vekakh I thys. AD [Problems of organization of Indian society at the end of the first millennium BC-the first centuries of the first millennium AD]. 1999. N 2, 3.

Lelyukhin D. N. Kontseptsiya idealnogo tsardva v "Arthashastra" Kautili i problema struktury drevneindiyskogo gosudarstva [The concept of an ideal kingdom in the "Arthashastra" of Kautili and the problem of the structure of the Ancient Indian state]. Moscow, 1998, pp. 8-14.

Lelyukhin D. N. Gosudarstvo, administratsiya i politika v "Arthashastra" Kautilya [State, administration and politics in the "Arthashastra" of Kautilya] // Bulletin of Ancient History. 1993, N 2. pp. 4-24.

Vigasin A. A., Lelyukhin D. N. Derzhava Maur'ev i problema drevnevostochnogo gosudarstva [The Power of the Mauryans and the problem of the Ancient Eastern State]: Soros prize winners. History. Archeology. Kul'turnaya antropologiya i etnografiya [Cultural Anthropology and Ethnography], Moscow, 1996, pp. 38-44.

Topic 9. Medieval Indian political thought

Changes in the understanding of royal power in the" Hindu period " of the Middle Ages associated with the formation of the Rajput class. War and pleasure are the ruler's primary pursuits. Reducing the role of the tsar in the administration of justice. Relationship between kshatriyas and brahmans. Sacralization of tsarist power.

Changes in the theory of varna. Recognition of the status capture. Changes in the caste dharmas of Vaisyas and Sudras. Tightening of caste isolation.

Forgetting the Arthashastra. Dharmashastra cultivation as a way for Brahmanism / Hinduism to survive in a changing cultural environment. Their role as judicial officers. The science of nitishastra. Kamandaki's Nitisara.

Features of socio-political thought in South India. "Tirukural". Amuktamalyada by Krishnadevaraya.

Muslim theories of State and society in India in the 13th-18th centuries. Their influence on Hindu thought. Currents of bhakti. Ideas of equality of people before God. Utopian ideas.

Questions for the workshop

1. Medieval ideas about Varnas and castes.

2. Variants of sacralization of tsarist power in the Middle Ages.

3. Changes in the understanding of the king's duties in the Middle Ages.

4. Muslim political theories in India.

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Literature

Dandin. The adventures of the Ten Princes. Translated from Sanskrit by Academician F. I. Shcherbatsky, Moscow, 1964.

Tirukural. A book about virtue, politics, and love. Translated from Tamil by Yu. Glazova and A. Krishnamurti, Moscow, 1963.

The Tree of Hinduism, Moscow, 1999.

Serebryakov I. D. Pamyatniki Kashmirskoy sanskrit-language literary community of the VII-XH centuries, Moscow, 1982.

Power and the people: political views of medieval Indians // Moscow Oriental Studies. Essays and research. Razrabotki, Moscow, 1997.

Olim M. A. Evolution of historiosophical views in the Farsi-language historiography of India. // East (Oriens). 1996, N 3. pp. 5-29.

Olim M. A. Istoricheskie vzglyady srednevekovykh istorikov Indii (period of the Delhi Sultanate) [Historical views of medieval historians of India (the period of the Delhi Sultanate)]. To the centenary of I. M. Reisner's birth, Moscow, 2000, pp. 117-144.

Uspenskaya E. N. Rajputs: Knights of Medieval India. St. Petersburg, 2000.

Vanina E. Y. Idei i obshchestvo v Indii XVI-XVIII vvakh [Ideas and Society in India of the XVI-XVIII centuries].

Castes in India, Moscow, 1965.

Kutsenkov A. A. Evolyutsiya indiskoi kasty [Evolution of the Indian Caste]. Moscow, 1983.

Kudryavtsev M. K. The Caste system in India, Moscow, 1992.

Bhakti is the religion of love. Proceedings of the Scientific Conference, Moscow, 1995.

Guru Nanak. To the 500th anniversary of the birth of the poet and humanist of India. Moscow, 1972.

Guru Govind Singh-Reformer of Sikhism. // Mythology and beliefs of the peoples of East and South Asia, Moscow, 1973.

Topic 10. Modernism, reformism and traditionalism in the socio-political thought of India in modern and modern times.

The impact of British political ideas on Indian thinkers. Evangelicals and utilitarians.

Connection of the development of Indian political thought with the religious Reformation. Liberal trends. Political views of the founders of the Indian National Congress. Radical nationalism and views of B. G. Tilak. Social views of Vivekananda. Socio-political views of M. K. Gandhi. J. Nehru and S. C. Bos as exponents of democratic and authoritarian trends in nationalist political thought.

Hindu nationalism. V. D. Savarkar's views and the Hindutva concept. Development of this concept in the works of M. S. Golvalkar. Caste movements and processes in the caste system. Attitude of Hindu organizations to caste.

Enlightenment in Indian Islam. Modernist and fundamentalist, pro-English and anti-colonial trends. Sayyid Ahmad Barelvi and Indian "Wahhabis". Sir Sayyid Ahmad Khan and the reform movement in Indian Islam. Dar-ul-ulum in Deoband and Islamic fundamentalism. Secular Muslim Nationalism by M. A. Jinny.

The development of religious extremism in India and Pakistan after independence. Ramrajya and Islamic State concepts.

Questions for the workshop

1. Liberal-democratic concepts of building the Indian state.

2. The problem of religion, caste identity and nation in India.

3. Secularism, communalism and democratic values in modern India.

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Literature

Rybakov R. B. Bourgeois Reformation of Hinduism, Moscow, 1981.

Mezentseva O. V. The world of Vedic truths. The Life and Teachings of Swami Dayananda, Moscow, 1994.

Gopalakrishnan P. K. Razvitie ekonomicheskoi mysli v Indii [Development of Economic Thought in India].

Martyshin O. V. Political views of Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, Moscow, 1972.

Martyshin O. V. Political views of Jawaharlal Nehru, Moscow, 1981.

Yurlova E. S. "Untouchables" in India, Moscow, 1989.

L. B. Alaev Indian identity in the conditions of modernization/ Globalization and the search for national identity in the countries of the East. M., 1999.

Gordon-Polonskaya L. R. Muslim trends in Public Thought in India and Pakistan, Moscow, 1989.

Creativity of Muhammad Iqbal, Moscow, 1982.

Kostyuchenko V. S. Vivekananda, Moscow, 1977.

Belsky A. G., Furman D. E. Sikhs and Hindus. Religion, Politics, and Terrorism, Moscow, 1992.

Belsky A. G. Ideology and politics of modern Hindu communalism. Scientific and Analytical Review, Moscow, INION Publ., 1984.

Belsky A. G. Muslim communalism in India: Emergence, Ideology and Politics. Nauchno - analiticheskiy obzor [Scientific and Analytical Review], Moscow, INION Publ., 1988.

Glushkova I. P. Philological analysis of ideological rhetoric. Marathi people in search of a national idea // East (Oriens). 2002. N 4. p. 5-24.

Prussakova, N. G., The concept of "Muslim nations" and "Islamic State" in the ideology of the movement for education of Pakistan, in Islam in the history of the Peoples of the East, Moscow, 1981, pp. 100-122.

Gankovsky Yu. V. Qaid-i Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah / / Asia and Africa today. 1996. N 12.

Topic 11. Socio-political thought in the Buddhist countries of South and Southeast Asia.

The spread of Hinduism and Buddhism in the countries of South and Southeast Asia. Socio-political views of Hinayana Buddhism. Their differences from Hindu ideas and Mahayana. Buddhist ideas about society, the state, and the individual. The world-building function of Buddhism. Sacredness of the state. Duties of the ruler. Monarch reigning and monarch reigning. The monarch as the central ritual figure.

Reform movements in Buddhism in modern and contemporary times. The role of traditional Buddhist ideas in the national liberation movement.

The role of the Sangha in the development of Buddhist independent states in South and Southeast Asia.

Ancient Indian civilizational heritage in the modern state ideological systems of the "Hinayana circle" countries. The cult of deva raja. Stability of the monarchical tradition. The place of Republicanism in Hinayana socio-political concepts. Cult of state relics and national-state self-identification.

Continuity of socio-political and cultural-religious traditions in Thailand. Religious and ideological support of the Westernization course. Pantaism and its ideologues: history and modernity.

Features of Burmese socio-political thought. Buddhism and democracy as understood by Wu Nu. Military regime and ideological support of political stability and territorial integrity.

The" fragmented " monarchical tradition in Laos. Republican state-legal institutions and "monarchical consciousness" in the Lao PDR.

Socio-political thought in Cambodia. The ideology of the "Angkor spirit". "Khmer Royal Buddhist Socialism" by Norodom Sihanouk in the 50s-60s of XX century and the evolution of monarchist ideology after 1993

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Features of the formation of Buddhist political culture and socio-political thought in Ceylon. Sri Lankan roots of Indochinese Buddhism. The role of Buddhist organizations in modern Sri Lanka. Concepts by K. Manalgoda, G. Obeyesekery, and A. T. Ariyaratne.

Features of socio-political thought in Vietnam. The cult of ancestors as the ideological basis of the socio-political life of the Vietnamese. Mythologem of the Middle Kingdom section and the archetype of the "ruler of the South". Neo-Confucian ethics in the context of Vietnamese political and socio-cultural thought. "Ideology of Patriotism" is a common platform of the most prominent representatives of political thought in Vietnam. Vietnamese Mahayana ethics and works of the crowned patriarchs of the Thien school. The role of syncretic religions (Kaodai, Hoa hao). "Actualizing history" as a tool for strengthening state power in Vietnam. New in the social and political thought of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam in the era of Doi moi ("renewal").

Questions for the workshop

1. The main categories of socio-political teaching of Buddhism.

2. Concepts of state power in the Hinayana countries.

3. Features of interaction between the Buddhist Sangha and the state in Burma (Myanmar), Thailand, Sri Lanka

4. Features of socio-political thought and the political process associated with it in certain countries of the "Hinayana circle".

5. The Vietnamese "ideology of patriotism" in the past and present.

Literature

Aghajanyan A. S. The Buddhist Path in the XX century. Religious values and Modern history of Theravada countries, Moscow, 1993.

Anthology of traditional Vietnamese thought (X-beginning of the XIII century). Moscow, 1996.

Bektemirova N. N. Monarchiya v politicheskoy kul'tury khmerov [Monarchy in the Political Culture of Khmer people]. Politicheskaya kul'tura stran Azii i Afrika [Political Culture of Asian and African countries], Moscow, 1996 .

Bektemirova N. N. Buddhist Sangha in independent Kampuchea, Moscow, 1981.

God-man-society in traditional cultures of the East, Moscow, 1993.

Vietnamese philosophy of modern and contemporary times. Materials and Research, Moscow, 1990.

Kornev V. I. Thai Buddhism, Moscow, 1973.

Kornev V. I. Buddhism and its role in the public life of Asian countries, Moscow, 1983.

Kornev V. I. Buddhism and society in the countries of South and Southeast Asia, Moscow, 1987.

Rebrikova N. V., Kalashnikov N. I. Thailand. Society and the State, Moscow, 1984.

Semeka E. S. Istoriya bududizma na Ceylone (sangha v drevnosti i v sredniye veka) [History of Buddhism in Ceylon (Sangha in ancient and Middle Ages)]. Moscow, 1969.

Slovesnaya N. G. Inteligentsiya Thailand [The Intelligentsia of Thailand], Moscow, 1983.

Starostin B. S., Starostina Yu. P. Buddhist civilization // Comparative study of civilizations. A textbook. Comp. Erasov B. S. M., 1998.

Talmud E. D. Socio-political thought of Sri Lanka in the new time, Moscow, 1982.

Torchinov E. A. Introduction to Buddhology. Course of lectures, St. Petersburg, 2000.

The traditional world of Southeast Asia. Malaya gruppa i sotsial'naya dinamika [Small Group and Social Dynamics], Moscow, 1991.

Ho Chi Minh City. Favourites. Memoirs of Ho Chi Minh City, Moscow, 1990.

South-East Asia. Ideology and Religion, Moscow, 2001.

Yakovleva E. A. O nekotorykh osobennostei formirovaniya i funktsionirovaniya laosskogo kul'turno-psikhologicheskogo tipa v politicheskoy kul'ture lao [On some features of the formation and functioning of the Lao cultural and psychological type in the political culture of Lao].

Yakovleva E. A. Countries of Eastern Indochina in the context of globalization. "Vietnamese breakthrough" / / Globalization and the search for national identity in the countries of the East. Textbook, Moscow: MGIMO, 1999.

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Topic 12. Socio-political teachings in the cultural history of Japan.

Influence of the basic components of the formation of Japanese society on the development of socio-political thought. The significance of the mythologized history of the country, sacred genealogy, Shinto, Buddhism and Confucianism in the formation of statehood and the formation of socio-political teachings. The Emperor's Institute as a factor of stability of the state system of Japan. The specifics of power in the emperor-Shogun system .

The origin of philosophical thought in the late XVII-early XVIII centuries and its economic orientation, the role of Juxian Confucianism (Ogyu Sorai school). Historical and ideological Schools of Mito and National Sciences (kokugakuha). The special significance of kokugakuha in shaping the ideology of the Meiji Restoration is the return of power to the emperor, the revival of the principle of unity of power and priestly functions (sansei itti). Combining a new ideology with an accelerated modernization of the country. Kokutai theory-the basis of Japanese statehood before the defeat in 1945. Japanese nationalism.

"Extraordinary" democracy in Japan is a combination of political democracy, market relations and private property. Conservatism and neoconservatism in the Japanese context.

Questions for the workshop

1. The influence of the basic elements of the formation of Japanese society on socio-political teachings.

2. Factors of the formation of Japanese statehood, the role of the Imperial House institute, kokutai theory.

3. Transformation of Japanese nationalism.

4." Extraordinary " democracy in Japan.

5. Conservatism and neoconservatism in post-war Japan.

Literature

From the history of social thought in Japan of the XVII-XVIII centuries. Moscow, 1990.

Kojai Ye. Modern philosophy. Notes on the "spirit of Yamato", Moscow, 1987.

Reflections on Japanese History, Moscow, 1996.

Japanese phenomenon, Moscow, 1996.

Molodyakova E. V. "Extraordinary" democracy in Japan / / Japan: Myths and Reality, Moscow, 1999.

Molodyakova E. V., Markaryan S. B. Mobile and stable elements in the Japanese political system / / Vostochny Mir: Experiments of social transformation, Moscow, 2001.

Markarian S. B. Institut imperatora kak faktor ustoichivosti gosudarstvennoi sistemy v Jap'anii [The Emperor's Institute as a factor of Stability of the state system in Japan].

Sarkisov K. O. Neoconservatism and the theory of the "third way": the Japanese context / / Japan 2001: Conservatism and Traditionalism, Moscow, 2002.

Topic 13. Formation and development of the Muslim teaching on the state and power.

Historical stages of formation of Muslim law (VII-X centuries), its main sources, interaction of two principles: religious-ethical and legal.

The reasons and conditions for the emergence of schools of interpretation (madhhabs) of Sunni Muslim law (Hanifi, Maliki, Shafi'i, Hanbali, etc.) and Shiite (Jafar, Ismaili, Zaydi, etc.) directions and the consolidation of the provisions of the doctrine as the main source of Muslim law. Role

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legal scholars. Formation of the main approaches to the study of the state and politics: normative-legal and ethical-philosophical.

Features of the formation of the Muslim concept of the state (XI-XIV centuries). The doctrine of dar-ul-Islam and dar-ul-harb. The concept of ghazawat (jihad). The caliphate is a key category of Muslim-legal political theory. The question of supreme power and its succession in the caliphate in Sunni and Shiite political doctrine, the rights and duties of the caliph.

Islamic teaching about society. The concept of the Ummah.

The teachings of Ibn Khaldun on the state and politics.

A radical revision of traditional Muslim political ideas in the late 19th century. The main views of Jamal al-Din al-Afghani, the founder of the ideological trend of the Islamic Reformation, and their further development in the works of Muhammad Abdo, Muhammad Rashid Rida, and others.

Muhammad bin Abd al-Wahhab. Wahhabism as a socio-political doctrine.

Development of the concept of the caliphate as a Muslim form of government in modern state studies in the countries of the Arab East.

Questions for the workshop

1. Main sources and stages of formation of Muslim law.

2. The institution of supreme power and its succession in the Caliphate.

3. The question of supreme power in Shiite political doctrine.

4. The teachings of Ibn Khaldun on the state and politics.

5. The concept of the Caliphate in modern state studies.

Literature

An-Naim Abdullah Ahmed. On the way to the Islamic Reformation, Moscow, 1999.

Borisov K. G. Islamic doctrine of international law and moral law and order // International Law of religious confessions of the World community, Moscow, 2001.

Ignatenko A. A. Khalifi bez khalifata [Caliphs without a caliphate]. Islamic Non-governmental Religious and Political organizations in the Middle East: history, Ideology, activity, Moscow, 1988.

Political and legal thought of the Arab East // History of political and legal doctrines. Textbook for universities. Ed. Nersesyants V. S. M., 2001.

Kirillina S. A. Islam in the public life of Egypt (the second half of the XIX-beginning of the XX century). Moscow, 1989.

Miloslavskiy G. V. Integratsionnye protsessy v moslemskom mire [Integration processes in the Muslim world]. Moscow, 1991.

Rezvan E. A. Koran and its Interpretations, St. Petersburg, 2000.

Sautov V. N. Alavity: sotsial'no-politicheskie i ideinye istoki verocheniya [Alavites: Socio-political and ideological origins of the faith].

Socio-political views in Islam (history and modernity). Ed. Smilyanskoi I. M. Moscow, 1987.

Stepanyants M. T. Muslim concepts in philosophy and politics of the XIX-XX centuries. Moscow, 1982.

Syukiyainen L. R. Kontseptsiya khalifata i sovremennoe gosudarstvenno-pravovoe razvitie zarubezhnogo Vostoka [The concept of the Caliphate and modern state-legal development of the Foreign East]. Problemy ideologii, prava, politiki i ekonomiki [Problems of Ideology, Law, Politics and Economics], Moscow, 1985.

Syukiyainen L. R. Sharia and Muslim-legal culture, Moscow, 1997.

Fadeeva I. L. The Concept of Power in the Middle East, Moscow, 2001.

Khaydarova M. S. Osnovnye napravleniya i shkoly moslemskogo prava [Main directions and schools of Muslim law]. Moscow, 1984.

Chirkin V. E. Moslemskaya kontseptsiya prava [Muslim concept of law]. Moscow, 1984.

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Topic 14. Socio-political concepts in the modern Arab East.

The transitivity of Arab society. Heterogeneity of its socio-economic and state-political structures. The complex interweaving of traditions and modernity in Arab social life. The influence of this factor on the process of formation and the current state of socio-political concepts in the Arab East.

The role of Islam in the development of Arab social thought. Relations of religious and secular principles in it.

Search by Arab thinkers for the most appropriate development option that contributes to the progress of Arab society.

The concepts of "Arab unity", "Arabism", "nationalism"," Arab socialism"," Islamic socialism " in the theoretical approaches of Arab thinkers and in the political practice of official authorities.

"Nasserism", "Ba'athism"," third world theory "of Muammar Gaddafi, "Bourguibism" - ideological and theoretical substantiation of the development paradigms chosen by a number of Arab countries. They reflect ideas about the" ideal " state and social structure of the Arabs.

Questions for the workshop

1. "Ummah" as a model of the "ideal" structure of the state and society in the concepts of Arab Muslim ideologists.

2. Reflection in the concepts of Arab thinkers of the role of the West in the socio-political development of the Arab world.

3. The reaction of Arab ideologues to the challenges of modernity (modernization, globalization).

4." Special", alternative way of development of Arab society in the theoretical views of Arab scientists.

Literature

Gutchel G. I. Democratization in the Arab world: the experience of Tunisia and Syria. Moscow, 1999.

Kotlov L. N. Formation of the national liberation movement in the Arab countries of Asia. 1908-1914. Moscow, 1986. Chapters II, VI, and X.

Levin Z. I. Obshchestvennaya mysl ' na Vostoke [Public Thought in the East]. Postcolonial period, Moscow, 1999.

Levin Z. I. Development of Arab social thought (after the Second World War). Moscow, 1984.

Levin, Z. I. the development of the Arab public opinion. 1917-1945. Moscow, 1979.

Islam i islamizm [Islam and Islamism], Moscow, 1999.

Tikhonova T. P. The secular concept of Arab nationalism by Saty al-Khusri, Moscow, 1984.

Stepanova N. V. Egypt: two centuries of modernization // Globalization and the search for national identity in the countries of the East. Textbook, Moscow, 1999.

Eloeva D. K. Islamicheskaya kontseptsiya prav cheloveka i mezhdunarodnye standarty [Islamic concept of human rights and international standards].

Elistratova T. A. From the history of democracy in Egypt: Muhammad Naguib (1901-1984) - the first president of the country // Arab countries of West Asia and North Africa. Issue 5. Moscow, 2002.

Pavlutskaya E. V. Problemy nationalizma i ikh svyazi s avtoritarnymi tendentsii v Maghreb [Problems of nationalism and their connection with authoritarian tendencies in the Maghreb]. Issue 5. Moscow, 2002.

Ryasov A.V. State and society in the views of the Libyan leader Muammar Gaddafi and Russian revolutionary radicals. Comparative analysis / / Arab countries of Western Asia and North Africa. Issue 5. Moscow, 2002.

Topic 15. Development of political thought in Iran before the Islamic Revolution.

Babid movement in Iran. Political philosophy of the Babids. Baha'ism.

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Prominent Iranian thinkers of the late XIX-early XX centuries: Malkom Khan-theorist and ideologist of the national bourgeoisie, Abdorrahim Talibov-ideologist of bourgeois-democratic reforms in Iran. The essence of the Shiite doctrine as a factor in the political life of Iran.

Pahlavism is the official political doctrine of the Shah's regime. Justification of the program of the "White Revolution" and "Society of Great Civilization" in the author's works of Muhammad Reza Pahlavi. The development of Islamic and secular political thought in Iran during the Shah's rule. Jalal Ale Ahmad and his book "Westernism". J. A. Ahmad's interpretation of the problems of history and the role of Islam in the past and present. Debunking the bourgeois culture and bourgeois lifestyle of "universal values" in the works of Gholamhossein Saedi. Interpretation of social progress in the works of Ali Shariati.

Questions for the workshop

1. The essence of the Babids ' teaching.

2. Political views and activities of Iranian enlighteners in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

3. Political views of Muhammad Reza Pahlavi.

4. Development of oppositional political thought in Iran during the Shah's rule.

Literature

Agaev S. L. Iran in the past and present, Moscow, 1981. The Iranian Revolution of 1978-1979 Reasons and Lessons, Moscow, 1989.

Klyashtorina V. B. Iran of the 60-80s. From cultural pluralism to the Islamization of Spiritual values, Moscow, 1990.

Komissarov D. S. Iranskie avtoryami o sudbakh natsional'noi kul'tury [Iranian authors on the fate of national culture]. 1981, N 2.

Mohammad Reza Pahlavi. "White Revolution", Moscow, 1976.

Public Thought in Developing Countries, Moscow, 1988.

Talibov N. A. Obshchestvennaya mysl v Irane v XIX - nachale XX v. [Public Thought in Iran in the XIX-early XX centuries].

Tonkaboni Feridun. Short stories. Comp. Dorry J. M., 1979.

Topic 16. Development of political thought in Iran after the Islamic Revolution.

The political legacy of Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini. His main work is "Islamic Rule" and its main provisions. R. Khomeini's revision of Shiite ideas about power in the Islamic state. The velayate faqih principle and its role in the formation of new state authorities after the victory of the Islamic Revolution. Development of ideas about the political structure of the Islamic State in the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran. The impact of politics on the economic life of Iran. "Touhidnaya ekonomika". Islamization of public life in Iran - implementation of R. Khomeini's political doctrine.

The development of political thought in Iran after the death of R. Khomeini. Philosophical and political credo of the President of Iran M. S. Khatami. Domestic and foreign policy aspects of M. S. Khatami's concept. "Dialogue of Civilizations". Ideological and political struggle in modern Iran over the choice of further guidelines for the socio-political development of Iran.

Questions for the seminar 1. The essence of Ayatollah R. Khomeini's political views.

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2. The political structure of the Islamic state in the vision of the Shiite clergy.

3. Ideological and political struggle in Iran after the death of R. Khomeini.

Literature

Zhukov D. A. Imam Khomeini, Moscow, 1999.

Imam Khomeini and Spiritual Revival, Moscow, 2000.

Imam Khomeini. Religious and Political Testament, Moscow, 1999.

Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran / / Spring of Freedom, Moscow, 1994.

Hamid Ansari. Imam Khomeini. Political Struggle from birth to Death, Moscow, 1999.

Khatami M. S. Islam, dialog and Civil Society, Moscow, 2001.

Topic 17. Zionism as an ideology and practice of state creation.

Approaches of secular and religious proto-zionists to the creation of the Jewish hearth and state. The book "Rome and Jerusalem" by M. Hess. The acquisition of statehood by Jews in Palestine as a way to overcome the "historical anomaly", as a chance to achieve national liberation and become on a par with other nations. Rabbi I. Alcalay and his ideas of the spiritual revival of Jews in Palestine. The views of Rabbi H. Kalisher and his book "The Quest for Zion" - combining a religious and practical approach to the colonization of Palestine. Formation of the "Beloved of Zion" circles in Russia and Eastern Europe.

T. Herzl as the founder of political Zionism (book "The Jewish State"). A bet on obtaining political rights to develop Palestine from influential powers. Formation of the Yishuv (Jewish community in Palestine) and differences in the approaches of Zionist leaders to the formation and implementation of national priorities. Various ideological trends in the Yishuv (social Zionists, revisionists, religious wing) and the creation of a party-political system.

The State of Israel as a practical implementation of the national idea.

Questions for the workshop

1. Differences in the approaches of secular and religious proto-zionists to Jewish resettlement in Palestine.

2. T. Herzl and the creation of political Zionism. Defining the main tasks of the movement.

3. Ideological and political differences in Zionism (socialists, revisionists, religious parties) and their reflection in the party-state system of Israel.

Literature

Lacker Walter. Istoriya zionizma [History of Zionism], Moscow, 2000.

Power and politics in the State of Israel. Part 1. From the Yishuv to the state. Tel Aviv, 1997. Rubinstein Amnon. From Herzl to Rabin and beyond. One hundred years of Zionism. Minsk, 2000. Vorob'ev V. P. Constitutional and Legal System of the State of Israel, Moscow, 2002. Israel in World Politics, Moscow, 2001, Ch. 8-9.

Topic 18. Socio-political thought in the Muslim countries of Southeast Asia.

Features of the penetration of Islam in the Southeast Asian countries. The impact of the Muslim religion on the political culture of the peoples of the region. The emergence of Islamized states in Southeast Asia.

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Islam and colonialism. The Muslim religion as a symbol of opposition to colonial expansion and a banner of anti-colonial struggle.

The role and place of Islam in the national liberation movement in modern and contemporary times. Islamic nationalism.

Modernization of Islam and its reflection in socio-political thought before and after independence.

Islam and politics in modern Indonesia: the main trends of socio-political thought. The Jakarta Charter. Problems of Islamization of Malaysia.

Religion in political and social protest movements in the era of globalization. Islamic extremism.

Questions for the workshop

1. Features of the formation of Islamic socio-political thought in Southeast Asia.

2. The role and place of Islam in the national liberation movement in modern and contemporary times.

3. The place of Islam in the models of national statehood.

4. Religion in political and social protest movements in the era of globalization. Islamic extremism.

Literature

Yefimova L. M. Religious traditions in the Political Life of modern Indonesia (1965-1992). Moscow, 1992.

Efimova L. M. President of Indonesia Abdurrahman Wahid and the Islamic factor in politics. 2000. N 2.

Zharov V. A. Official ideological doctrines of Indonesia, Malaysia, and the Philippines, Moscow, 1985.

Ionova A. I. "Muslim Nationalism" in modern Indonesia, Moscow, 1972.

Ionova A. I. Islam v Yugo-Vostochnoy Azii: problemy sovremennoy ideeynoy evolyutsii [Islam in Southeast Asia: Problems of Modern Ideological Evolution]. Moscow, 1981.

South-East Asia in 1998. Aktual'nye problemy razvitiya [Actual problems of development], Moscow, 1999.

South-East Asia in 1999. Aktual'nye problemy razvitiya [Actual problems of development], Moscow, 2000.

South-East Asia in 2000. Aktual'nye problemy razvitiya [Actual problems of development], Moscow, 2002.

South-East Asia in 2001. Aktual'nye problemy razvitiya [Actual problems of development], Moscow, 2003.

SUBJECT OF RESEARCH PAPERS

One of the directions of socio-political thought (chosen by the student from among those studied in the I and II semesters) and its significance for today (I semester, II semester).

LIST OF CONTROL QUESTIONS AND TASKS FOR INDEPENDENT WORK, QUESTIONS FOR THE TEST (EXAM) FOR THE ENTIRE COURSE

1. Politics, economics, ethics and ritual in the social thought of the Eastern countries in ancient and Middle Ages.

2. The problem of synthesis of "Western" and "Eastern" values.

3. Specifics of the main socio-political teachings in ancient China.

4. The main philosophical and socio-political categories of Confucianism.

5. The Confucian doctrine of society.

6. Confucianism and Legalism: problems of synthesis of socio-political representations.

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7. Ideas about the relationship between power and the people in medieval China.

8. Tasks of the ruler in the medieval Chinese doctrine of state administration.

9. Conceptual differences between Christian ideas and Confucian worldview.

10. The essence of the differences between reformers and revolutionaries in the process of forming the modern political ideology of China.

11. Stages of development of Sun Yat-sen's socio-political views.

12. The main ideas of the doctrine of the Chinese nation by Chiang Kai-shek.

13. The theory of classes and class struggle as interpreted by Mao Zedong.

14. The significance of the concepts of Chiang Kai-shek and Mao Zedong for world socio-political thought.

15. Ancient Indian understanding of statehood. The doctrine of the" seven members " of the State.

16. Politics and morals in the Arthashastra.

17. The problem of sacredness of royal power in India in ancient and Middle Ages.

18. The problem of religion, caste identity and nation in India.

19. The main categories of socio-political teaching of Buddhism.

20. Karmic consciousness and Hinayana socio-political thought in South and Southeast Asia.

21. Synthesis and struggle of Brahminist, Hinayana, liberal-democratic and Marxist ideas in the socio-political teachings of Burma. Thailand, Cambodia, Laos and Sri Lanka

22. Traditional and new elements in the socio-political thought of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam in the era of "renewal".

23. Influence of basic elements of the formation of Japanese society on socio-political teachings.

24. Transformation of Japanese nationalism.

25. The institution of supreme power and its succession in the Caliphate.

26. The question of supreme power in Shiite political doctrine.

27. "Ummah" as a model of the "ideal" structure of the state and society in the concepts of Arab Muslim ideologists.

28." Special", alternative way of development of Arab society in the theoretical views of Arab scientists.

29. Political views and activities of Iranian enlighteners in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

30. Development of oppositional political thought in Iran during the Shah's rule.

31. The essence of Ayatollah R. Khomeini's political views.

32. Ideological and political struggle in Iran after the death of R. Khomeini.

33. Features of the formation of Islamic socio-political thought in Southeast Asia.

34. The place of Islam in models of national statehood.

35. T. Herzl and the creation of political Zionism. Defining the main tasks of the movement.

36. Ideological and political differences in Zionism (socialists, Revisionists, religious parties) and their reflection in the party-state system of Israel.

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