MOSCOW INSTITUTE OF ORIENTAL STUDIES OF THE RUSSIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES

On October 8 and 17, 2012, the fourth quarterly seminar "China and the World. Traditions and Modernity", organized by the Department of China of the Institute of History of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Nine employees of the Institute of Information Technology of the Russian Academy of Sciences took part in the meetings.

Both sessions of the seminar were held under the impression of events that are extremely sad for any Sinologist and for science in general - on October 3, a brilliant sinologist and a unique specialist, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences Boris Lvovich Riftin died, and on October 13, the beloved Natalia Ivanovna Fomina, a tireless worker, a veteran of the Institute of Oriental Studies, died. These losses are irreplaceable, and Russian Sinology, which is already having a hard time, will now find it even harder. Many speakers referred to these sad events in their reports.

S. V. Dmitriev's presentation (Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences) was devoted to several topics: the VIII Congress of Russian Orientalists, held in Kazan on September 25-28, 2012, the scientific centers of Kazan, and the Nevsky Readings, held in St. Petersburg on October 3-5, 2012. The Congress of Orientalists was generally characterized positively: despite the large number of participants and the high official status of the event, the organizers managed to create a productive scientific atmosphere. One of the most important advantages of the conference is that it was attended by representatives of all major scientific centers of Russian Oriental studies, and this gave a rare opportunity to personally meet specialists who had previously been familiar only from publications.

The speaker shared his observations concerning Kazan, and above all its scientific centers. The attention of the republic's authorities to the issues of science and culture is noticeable - in fact, the entire Kazan Kremlin is given over to museums and institutes of the Tatarstan Academy of Sciences. The residence of the President of Tatarstan occupies a very small area (it is located in the former governor's palace, built on the site of the Khan's chambers), and a considerable part of the building is given over to the Museum of the History of Statehood of the Tatar people and the Republic of Tatarstan. Among the museums of the Kazan Kremlin, I would like to highlight the Hermitage-Kazan Center, which hosts exhibitions prepared by specialists of the State Hermitage Museum. In autumn 2012, the museum hosted an exhibition dedicated to the history of the nomadic states of Eurasia, where first-class exhibits from the Hermitage collection were displayed.

There is no doubt that the university's influence is very noticeable in Kazan. Participants of the congress could visit the main scientific centers of the city, most often associated with one of the oldest in Russia, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, and see that the scientific life in the city is extremely energetic. Especially noteworthy is the Ethnographic Museum of Kazan University, which (like other university museums) has a unique collection. Especially impressive is the collection of Siberian shamanic utensils, which seems to have no equal in the world, but there are many treasures among North American and African collections. Unfortunately, many subjects are not actually described or put into scientific use. Researchers of the museum invite interested specialists to study the collections, publish them and use them in their works.

On October 3-5, 2012, the St. Petersburg Institute of Oriental Manuscripts of the Russian Academy of Sciences hosted the Neva Readings , an international symposium dedicated to the 120th anniversary of the birth and 75th anniversary of the death of one of the largest Russian Japonists, the founding father of world Tangut studies-N. A. Nevsky. Several dozen reports on Tangut studies, folklore studies, linguistics and ethnography of the Ainu people of Okinawa and the indigenous peoples of Taiwan were read. Special interest pre-

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Meetings were held dedicated to N. A. Nevsky himself, his life and his contribution to various fields of Oriental studies. Speakers noted the incredible versatility of the scientist's talents, the rigor and elegance of his scientific method. A terrible loss was the untimely death of a scientist who was shot by the NKVD on a ridiculous charge of spying for Japan.

A. R. Vyatkin (IB RAS) spoke about the XXII conference " Man and Nature. Problems of Socio-natural History", held on September 24-28, 2012 in Sudak. The conference has been held for more than 20 years and still does not receive unequivocal approval from the scientific community. There are a lot of random people among the participants, but in general, such a forum seems extremely interesting and useful.

Most of the reports are devoted to the problems of ecology and nature protection, but this year there were also three reports on sinology - A. I. Kobzev, E. A. Sinetskaya and A. R. Vyatkin (all from the Institute of Ecology of the Russian Academy of Sciences), which caused a lively response from the audience. A. R. Vyatkin's report was devoted to the analysis of the 124th chapter of Sima Qian's "Historical Notes", which tells about the Yu-xia - "knights errant", which in fact represented the ancient Chinese equivalent of criminal authorities.

M. E. Kuznetsova-Fetisova (Institute of Chinese Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences) spoke about the 19th Conference of the European Association for Chinese Studies, which was held in Paris on September 5-8, 2012.The conference consisted of 12 sections, each of which was read from 3 to 6 reports; both recognized masters and young scientists spoke. A number of reports were devoted to the problems of ancient Chinese epigraphy, new finds of Chinese archaeologists, but also touched upon subjects related to modernity. For example, the Young Scholar Award of the Association for Young Scientists was awarded to R. Holmes (Great Britain), whose research focused on the sensational work of Chinese contemporary art - Wenhua zhu (, Pillar of Culture) - a column made from human fat obtained in cosmetic clinics that perform liposuction-and the reaction of different sections of Chinese society to this artifact. The next conference will be held in Lisbon in 2014.

A. I. Kobzev (Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences) shared his impressions of the VIII Congress of Russian Orientalists, as well as the XIX Beijing International Book Fair, held on August 29-September 2, 2012. The speaker highly appreciated the forum, especially noting the section that dealt with the fate of Oriental studies as a science. In his opinion, it is important to discuss the question of whether Oriental studies will remain a single science or whether it is destined to be divided into specializations-philology, history, linguistics, etc.

As for the fair, the speaker noted the huge progress that China has made in the field of electronic translators and dictionaries. The best of them are loaded with 36 dictionaries (including dictionaries of classical Chinese), 6.5 million lexical units. Electronic Russian-Chinese and Chinese-Russian dictionaries and translators are made at a very good level. In this regard, it is necessary to note our huge lag in this area, but we can use the achievements of the Chinese in preparing a new academic Chinese-Russian dictionary, the need for which is long overdue. A. I. Kobzev noted that the PRC allocates money for a special book series - the best translations of Chinese classical texts into foreign languages. In contrast to earlier times, when Chinese translations of Chinese classics were published in large numbers mainly in English, which were made by the Chinese themselves and therefore often not of very high quality, now we are talking about reprinting the best translations made by foreign scientists. The speaker noted the impressive scope of the fair, which successfully competes in many areas with the world's largest forum of its kind in Frankfurt. Unfortunately, Russia was poorly represented at this event, and there was almost no Chinese literature, although the Chinese side showed considerable interest in Russian books.

SERGEY DMITRIEV

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Kazan

On November 14-15, 2012, the annual forum XI School of Young Africanists of Russia was held. Economists, political scientists, sociologists, cultural scientists, linguists and anthropologists shared their research results and discussed contemporary problems in Africa. The conference, organized by the Institute of Africa of the Russian Academy of Sciences and the Scientific Council on African Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences with the assistance of the program of the Presidium of the Russian Academy of Sciences "Support for Young Scientists" in cooperation with universities in various cities of Russia, has the main goal of attracting the widest possible range of young researchers of the African continent and supporting this area in Russian science. This year the School was held in Kazan. Students, postgraduates and young scientists from universities and academic institutes of Moscow, Kazan, St. Petersburg and Yaroslavl participated in its work (a total of 62 people).

The plenary session was opened by L. N. Latypov, Director of the Institute of Oriental Studies of KFU, President of the Society of Oriental Studies of Russia. Welcoming the participants of the conference, he recalled the history of the formation of the School of Oriental Studies at Kazan University, about famous scientists who came out of the walls of this glorious university, and focused on the current stage of development of Oriental studies at the Institute of Oriental Studies of the KFU MO. In this regard, L. N. Latypov emphasized the special importance and relevance of African studies, the development of which on the basis of this institute is just beginning. In the development of this area of research, the Institute counts on the assistance and support of such recognized centers for studies of the African continent as the Institute of Africa, the Department of African Studies at the ISAA of Moscow State University and St. Petersburg State University.

R. I. Bekkin, Deputy Director of the Institute of Regional Studies and Islamic Studies, Head of the Department of Regional Studies and Islamic Studies, wished the conference participants fruitful work. He spoke about the efforts made by the university's management to develop African studies in Kazan. Representative of the Institute of Africa V. G. Shubin noted the importance of the fact that the School of Young Africanists is held in Tatarstan, one of the key regions of Russia. Then he reminded the audience about the growing role of Africa in the world, about the place of this continent in the modern politics of the Russian Federation.

The business part of the School, which includes lectures by reputable experts for aspiring scientists, was opened by the report of Associate Professor of the Faculty of International Relations of St. Petersburg State University K. A. Panzerev "Africa in the digital age: the problem of equal integration into the global information society". He noted that for all its relative success, Africa is still a continent with an impressive "digital divide" between large industrial centers and remote rural areas, and information technology continues to be predominantly elitist. The current level of information technology development in most African countries does not allow them to expect rapid equal integration into the global information and communication space. Among the countries of the continent, South Africa and North Africa have made the most impressive progress in the development of information technologies. In West Africa, Senegal and Nigeria are leading the way, while Guinea and Liberia are far behind. In East Africa, the Internet is most widely used in Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania and Ethiopia. The most underdeveloped region is Central Africa (Chad, CAR).

The plenary session was continued by the report of the Head of the Department of Law of the University of Management "Tisbi" (Kazan) A. B. Mezyaev "The latest history of Africa in the decisions of international judicial institutions". Taking as examples the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda, the Special Court for Sierra Leone and the trial of Charles Taylor, as well as the work of the International Criminal Court, the speaker raised the issue of the reliability of sources and the objectivity of judges, taking into account the strong political pressure and attempts to falsify recent history by various political forces.

Then the conference was continued in four consecutive sections. This form provides for the presence of participants at all breakout sessions and is designed to help young people understand the importance of various research areas of processes taking place in the socio-political and cultural life of Africa.

Section "International Relations, Foreign Policy and Law". 11 reports were read. A. Kashnikoe (Yar.State University named after P. G. Demidov, Yaroslavl) analyzed the situation in Nigeria during the years of the GE's rule-

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Nehrala Sani Abachi (1993-1998), domestic and international consequences of his policy. O. Kulkova (Institute of Africa) focused on the main directions of modern British policy in relation to African countries. Special emphasis is now being placed not on aid issues, but on developing trade and business with Africa. Great Britain helps individual African states, contributes to the fight against climate change on the continent, and to strengthening food security.

D. Popova (St. Petersburg State University) considered the worldview models of the peoples of Tropical Africa, noted both differences and" common denominators " that can become the basis for interaction on the way to ensuring the vital well-being of the peoples of the region. T. Kurmaev's report " Coup d'etat in Mali "was devoted to the analysis of the impact of the" Arab Spring " in general and the Islamic factor in particular on the events of the last year in Mali. The current situation in one of the few countries in Africa whose political leadership has not changed for several decades - Zimbabwe-was the subject of a speech by E. Salakhetdinov (Institute of Africa). Despite the economic and political crisis in the first decade of the noughties, as well as pressure from Western countries, President Mugabe's regime managed to stay in power, overcome the crisis and gain new partners in the face of China and Asian countries.

The discussion revolved around one of the most turbulent regions of Africa in recent years - Sudan, in particular Darfur, and the young State of South Sudan. If the report of A. Zhukov (Institute of Africa) was devoted to the history of the struggle for independence in South Sudan in 2005-2011, the report of A. Chopin (Frankfurt, Germany) was of a comparative nature. He compared the political processes in South Sudan and Eritrea. S. Kosteljanec (Institute of Africa), in his report "Arms transfers to Darfur as a factor in the escalation of the conflict", concluded that one of the reasons for the ongoing Darfur conflict remains the availability of weapons and ammunition for both the army and other pro-Government forces, as well as for rebels and tribal groups. militias. He doubts the effectiveness of UN sanctions, which did not solve the tasks set and did not prevent the escalation and continuation of the conflict. L. Romadan (YVES MO KFU) also spoke about the history of the conflict in Darfur in the historical context and possible ways to resolve it.

In the course of the section "Resources and economic potential of Africa", seven presentations were read. Three of them are dedicated to one of the most developed and promising economies of the African continent, South Africa. A. Hamatshin (Institute of Africa) presented an analysis of the current agricultural policy of South Africa, assessed the results of land reform both in South Africa and in some countries of the Southern African Development Community (SADC). The report of V. Sidorov (Institute of Africa) "South Africa - the locomotive of the African Economy" contained rich statistical material that made it possible to highly assess the importance of the South African economy for the economies of sub-Saharan Africa. For the countries of Southern Africa and other African States, South Africa is the main source of foreign investment, which creates jobs, trains local personnel and replenishes the state treasury through taxes and licensing fees. The activity of trade union organizations became the object of research by S. Tishchenko (Institute of African Studies). To date, 197 trade union organizations are registered in the country, the most numerous and influential of them are in the mining, metallurgical and construction industries. Their history, features of functioning, internal and external connections, and level of activity were considered.

The report of Igor Zakharov (IPSU) is devoted to one of the most painful African problems - the marginalization of the urban population and the emergence of" poverty belts", or slums, around the largest African cities. In some African countries, the proportion of slum dwellers exceeds 50%, and in such countries as Sudan, Chad, Sierra Leone, and the Central African Republic, it reaches 90%. False urbanization hinders the economic growth of African States. Although some African Governments and the United Nations are taking some measures to combat this scourge, they are clearly insufficient. S. Tretyakova (Yar. GU) - economic problems as a factor of the 2011 revolution in Egypt. Due to recent events, the country's economic growth rate has sharply worsened - from 7-8% to 1%. Foreign exchange reserves decreased by 40%. The flow of tourists from abroad has sharply decreased. Political and social instability has had a negative impact on the economy, and the outlook is not yet clear.

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The most numerous section was "Social and cultural studies" (16 reports). A number of reports were devoted to the mutual influence of African and European cultures, the problem of self-consciousness of Africans who found themselves in Europe. E. Blinova (Yar.GU) drew attention to the "African" London of the second half of the XX century and spoke about the three main waves of emigration from Africa to the UK. The African communities of Great Britain in the first decade of the XXI century became the object of research by G. Karpov (Institute of Africa). Africans were and still are one of the youngest and fastest growing groups in the UK. Between 2001 and 2011, the number of sub-Saharan migrants to the UK doubled, according to official figures. Currently, there is an absolute increase in the influence of Africans on the life of British society. Reality shows that a fundamentally new approach to migrants is needed, since the policy of multiculturalism pursued in the second half of the 20th century did not justify itself.

African art and cultural aspects of socio-political processes were studied in the reports of E. Danilov (Yar. GU) - "Ancient personifications of Africa", V. Semenova (MAE RAS, Kunstkamera, St. Petersburg)- "On the role of icons in Ethiopian spiritual culture" and P. Popov (Institute of Africa) - "Cinema in colonial Zimbabwe: ideology or art?" A. Banshchikova (Institute of African Studies) paid attention to the reflection in the works of Egyptian writers N. Mahfouz and T. Al-Hakim of the ideas of the nationalist intelligentsia of the 20-30s of the XX century, which declared continuity in relation to the ancient civilization of Egypt-the Pharaonists saw the origins the identity of their homeland in ancient Egypt. V. Kruchinsky and A. Panov (both In - t Afrika) ' s reports on contemporary political cartoons and comics in South Africa and East Africa received an active response from the audience. The speakers accompanied their presentations with rich illustrative material.

The diverse forms of mutual knowledge and influence of the African world and Russia in different periods of history were the focus of such speakers as D. Gilmutdinov (Center for Islamic Studies of Antatarstan), A. Ryzhov and E. Tsvetkov (both Yar. GU). D. Gilmutdinov spoke about the travel notes of the Tatar politician and publicist G.-R. Ibragim, who visited in 1912. North Africa. The report of A. Ryzhova "Africa through the eyes of Russian volunteers who participated in the Anglo-Boer War of 1899-1902" was based on the memoirs of Second Lieutenant E. Augustas, Lieutenant A. E. Edrikhin, Lieutenant Colonel I. V. Romeyko-Gurko, Staff Captain M. von Siegern-Korn, sisters of mercy of the Russian Red Cross sanitary detachment S. V. Izmedinova and O. V. Yozedinova.Summing up the results of interviews conducted with Yaroslavl residents who visited Africa in the 1960s and 1980s, A. von Baugarten and E. Tsvetkov presented the audience with a complex, diverse and sometimes contradictory image of Soviet-African relations.

A number of reports of this section were based on the results of field ethnographic expeditions, in which young researchers of Africa participated. For example, O. Ivanchenko (Institute of Africa) told about the results of a field study in Tanzania in February-March 2011. The purpose of the expedition was to organize communities in large cities-Dar es Salaam, Arusha and Zanzibar. N. Steblin-Kamensky (European University, St. Petersburg) paid attention to the anthroponymy of the Northern Wollo (Ethiopia) and showed extensive photographic material taken during the trip.

Section "Research in African Linguistics and Philology". Phraseological turns in the Hausa language research topic by L. Litvinova (St. Petersburg State University). While traditional phraseology reflects the long-standing culture and way of life of the Hausa people, modern phraseology is a way to introduce new concepts, phenomena, terms, and ideas into the language. They reflect completely new and unfamiliar phenomena for the Hausa people. The main political, legal, economic, technological and other concepts are often presented in the form of phraseological units. E. Shevchuk (St. Petersburg State University) described the type-time system in the Amharic language.

The results of the conference were summed up by N. A. Zherlitsyna, V. G. Shubin, and R. I. Bekkin, Scientific Secretary of the Scientific Council on African Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences. They noted the high level of reports presented, the great interest shown by the conference participants in the scientific discussion, the creative approach and enthusiasm of young scientists in studying Africa. The XII School is scheduled for November 2013.

N. A. ZHERLITSYNA

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TAIPEI (TAIWAN)

From April 26 to 28, 2012, the First World Congress on Taiwanese Studies was held, organized with the support of the Sinica Academy (National Academy of Sciences of Taiwan). 100 reports were divided into 6 thematic sections and 26 sessions, which were attended by scientists from 12 countries, including Japan, USA, Canada, Australia, Singapore, France, Great Britain, Germany, Sweden.

The congress was opened by the Chairman of the ACAD Conference. Liu Cuirong presented a report on the prospects of Taiwanese research in mainland China. Liu Cuirong presented an overview of the main journals on Taiwanese research, including: Taiwan Yanjiu Jikan, the first journal devoted to Taiwan issues published in mainland China, has been published by Xiamen University since 1983; Taiwan Studies, published by the Taiwan Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences since 1988. According to Taiwan studies in mainland China from 1980 to 2006, published by the Institute of Taiwan Studies of Xiamen University in late 2008, the catalog contains more than a thousand articles and almost one and a half thousand monographs devoted to the peculiarities of the political system of Taiwan, its economic development, legal issues and culture of the region. Liu Cuirong also reviewed some of the works of contemporary authors on the development of agriculture in Taiwan, including land reform and trade between the two sides of the Taiwan Strait.

The congress reports were presented in the following sections:: "Problems of modern Taiwan and its role in the East Asian region"," History of Taiwan"," Political Structure"," Economic Development"," Taiwan Aborigines and Ethnic Issues "and"Culture, Language and Religion in Taiwan".

Environmental disasters (earthquakes, tsunamis, typhoons)are still one of the most important problems of modern Taiwan and the associated global warming, which leads to the activation of pathogens of tropical diseases. Special attention is also paid to diseases caused by industrial factors (in particular, in the production of electronics), as well as to the analysis of the consequences for the population of the accident at the Fukushima nuclear power plant and the issue of nuclear power plant safety in Taiwan. Another important factor that directly affects the future of Taiwan is the problem of educating young people, subsidizing low-income teenagers, and financing students from leading universities in Taiwan.

Reports examining Taiwan's place in the international arena mainly concern Taiwan's relations with East Asian countries in the second half of the 20th century (the East Asian Collective Security Project - Taiping'an the process of Taiwan's decolonization and settlement of relations with Japan, Taiwan's role in Asia-Pacific security).

The historical section presents reports on the prehistoric period (culture of the tribes of northern and southern Taiwan, archaeological research of settlements of the late Neolithic period), the study of trade relations between Taiwan, the Philippines and the Ryukyu Islands (trade in ceramics and porcelain of the XIII-XVI centuries), ceramics trade between the shores of the Taiwan Strait (between Taiwan and Fujian Province in the XII-XVII Taiwan's role in trade between European and Southeast Asian countries. A number of reports are devoted to the Japanese colonial period in Taiwan: the development of production and exports in different periods of Japanese occupation, infrastructure development and management features (on the Baojia census system). Some of the reports examined the postcolonial period-Taiwan in the process of transition from China to Japan and from Japan to China, the formation of Taiwanese nationalism, and the impact of Qing governance on Taiwan's current relations with mainland China.

Several sessions were devoted to the political structure and parties of Taiwan: the peculiarities of the party system and party policy in the periods from 1987 to 2000, from 2000 to 2008 (the period of the Democratic Progressive Party rule) and after 2008, the impact of the change of ruling parties on the economic development of Taiwan, relations with mainland China and Japan, and the peculiarities of Taiwan. Scientists from the UK presented a report on

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media in Taiwan as an indicator of democratization, an indicator of the degree of freedom, tolerance, social justice, and pluralism in the political system. Separately, we can highlight a series of reports on the formation of the legal system in Taiwan-the reports touched upon the peculiarities of jurisdiction in Taiwan during the period of Japanese occupation, the legal systems of Taiwan, Korea, Japan and China, as well as the work of public order services.

In the economic section, a significant part of the reports dealt with entrepreneurship in Taiwan (including innovations in the production and implementation of Taiwanese developments in the world), foreign ownership and the development of small firms. Some reports focus on investment in the Taiwanese economy, investment by Taiwanese firms abroad, and the impact of foreign direct investment (in the United States, Japan, Vietnam, Hong Kong, Singapore) on national production and income distribution. The authors conclude that external investment in countries with high wages has a positive impact on the national economy of Taiwan. Separate reports analyzed the impact of China's rapid economic growth on Taiwan's textile and information technology industries. The authors believe that China's economic surge over the past decade has put it at least on par with Asian "tigers" (Hong Kong, South Korea, Singapore and Taiwan), which will inevitably lead to a change in the trade balance between these countries and the "leaders of the pack" - Japan and the United States.

Three sessions of the conference were devoted to the issue of combining traditional and modern in the life of Taiwanese aborigines: changing the perception of such traditional concepts as home, family, love (on the example of the Ami, Rukai, Puyuma, Sidik, Kavalan peoples), transformation of rites and rituals, and the problem of population migration from villages to cities. The reports touched upon the problem of the realization of Aboriginal rights to land, the principles of land lease. A separate block of reports dealt with the issue of ethnicity (the division of the population into major ethnic groups, the use of the term "Taiwanese"), the historical roots of the formation of ethnic groups in Taiwan, the peculiarities of Taiwanese nationalism and the change in cultural traditions in Taiwan in the 70s of the XX century.

In the section devoted to the culture of Taiwan, the authors analyzed the relationship of its colonial development with modern culture. The authors examined the features of Taiwanese theater, opera, cinema, and popular literature, which were strongly influenced by both Chinese and Japanese culture. Special attention was paid to contemporary literature and cinema - the transcultural era, the combination and overlap of different cultural traditions, the synthesis of Chinese, Japanese and European in Taiwanese culture. The article examines the peculiarities of the formation of religions in Taiwan (Confucianism, Taoism, Buddhism, Catholicism, Protestantism), their interaction with each other and with traditional cultural customs in Taiwan. The topic of interaction between religion and the state was also covered.

The language research section includes reports on the analysis of Chinese and dialects of the Formosa languages (Rukai, Paiwan, Puyuma, Atayal, Tsou, Bunun), communication features within the Tsou and Atayal tribes, as well as the Siraya language (the language of some Taiwanese tribes during the Dutch occupation).

So, at the conference on Taiwanese studies, reports were presented that affect the most diverse spheres of life in Taiwanese society, the authors examined the features of the formation of the political, economic structure and culture of Taiwan, as well as the characteristic features of each of these areas in modern Taiwan. Oral reports of scientists from the United States and Europe mainly concerned the development of Taiwan in the twentieth century, and several reports of Japanese scientists were devoted to the colonial period of Taiwanese history and the role of Taiwan in East Asia and the Asia-Pacific region. The reports of scholars from China, Taiwan, and Hong Kong covered a larger period of Taiwan's history (from the sixth century to the present), as well as detailed cultural traditions in Taiwan.

The materials of this conference are undoubtedly of interest to scientists who study Taiwan, the southern regions of China, the problem of Taiwan's interaction with mainland China and other countries of East and Southeast Asia.

V. A. PERMINOVA

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