Haïm Soutine bilang marka ng modernidad: karne, sakit at malikhaing eksistensiyalismo

Pagbubunyag: Ang "nakalungkot" na pintor bilang pagkakasakit ng panahon

Si Haïm Soutine (1893-1943) ay nananatiling pinansin bilang marginal na, kahit malakas, figyura ng Paris School - ang "nakalungkot na pintor" sa likod ni Chagall o Modigliani. Gayunpaman, sa konteksto ng modernong kultura at pilosopiya, ang kanyang gawa ay nabubuhay bilang isang pangunahing marka ng modernidad, na inaasahan ang pangunahing sugat at mga tanong ng ika-20 at ika-21 siglo. Si Soutine ay hindi lamang isang ekspresiyonista; siya ay isang pintor na nagsiyasat ng eksistensiyal na estado ng laman, karahasan, pagkagutom at sakit sa pamamagitan ng malawak na pagdeformasyon ng hugis at kulay, ginawa ng mismong materyal ng pintura bilang analogo ng napinsalang subyektibidad. Ang kanyang sining ay nagiging mas aktwal sa panahon ng posthumanismo, bioetika at permanenteng krisis.

1. Mula sa shtetl hanggang sa Montparnasse: ang genese ng traumatisadong realismong

Ang buhay ni Soutine ay ang pundasyon ng kanyang estetika. Ang pagkapanganak sa pinakamahirap na pamilyang may maraming anak sa Smilovichi sa Minsk, ang pangrelihiyong pagbabawal sa pagpipinta ng buhay na ("kasalanan" ng pagpipinta ng portre ng rebbe, na kung saan siya ay matinding pinahirapan), ang pagtakas mula sa ganitong kapaligiran sa Vilnius, at pagkatapos ay sa Paris (1913) - lahat ng ito ay naging pormasyon ng pintor bilang tagapakawalan ng kanyang sarili at ng kanyang kalugdan. Ang kanyang pintura ay naging paraan ng pagbubuwal sa pisikal at kultural na pagbabawal. Ang pagkagutom at pagkabahay ng unang mga taon sa Paris ay naging mapanlikha na tema ng pagkain bilang laman - mula sa mga tupa hanggang sa dila. Si Soutine ay hindi sumulat ng naturmorthy; siya ay sumulat ng anatomic na pейзаж ng naghihirap na laman.

Isang kagiliw-giliw na katotohanan: Para sa kanyang mga kilalang pinta na may tupa ("Tupa na Tusa", 1925), binili ni Soutine ang karne sa abato at inihaharap sa kanyang atelye, inilagay ng dugo para sa tago ng kulay. Ang mga kapitbahay, nagraramdam ng pagkabalisa sa aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming aming 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