Bakit tinatawag ang Santo Basilio bilang «siningan ng baboy»: semiotika ng kabanalan at ang kod ng paglililipad ng baka

Ang pangalawang pangalan ng Santo Basilio Magbubuting (humigit-kumulang 330–379) – «siningan ng baboy» – ay isang halimbawa ng malalim at paradoksal na pangyayari: ang pagsasaling ng mataas na kulto ng simbahan ng bayan sa pamamagitan ng pananaw ng agri-biyetong magikong alchemy at pre-Kristiyanong pananampalataya. Ito ay hindi pagbaba ng saktong estado, kundi ang pagkakasama nito sa tekstura ng pang-araw-araw na buhay at praktika ng pamahalaan. Ang paliwanag ng fenomenong ito ay nasa pagsasama-sama ng agiografia, ang pambayan na kalendaryo, ang praktika ng paglililipad ng baka at ang etimolohiya ng panlilibak.

1. Konteksto ng kalendaryo at pamahalaan: Ang Araw ng Basilio bilang paghihiwalay.

Ang pagdiriwang ng pagkakatatag ng Santo Basilio ay nangyayari sa ika-14 ng Enero (ika-1 ng Enero sa kalendaryo ng Hora). Ang petsa na ito sa pambayan na kalendaryo ng silangang Slav ay lubos na mahalaga:

Ang katapusan ng Santo Koro at ang pagsisimula ng bagong pamahalaang sirkulo: Mula sa Araw ng Basilio («Ang Nakakatakot na Gabi», na nagtatapos ng «nakakatakot» na mga gabing Santo Koro) nagsisimula ang panahon ng paghahanda sa mga tagumpay na tag-init, kabilang ang pagpapanumbalik ng aktibong paglililipad ng baboy pagkatapos ng tagtuyot.

Ang araw ng «definitibong» Bagong Taon: Hanggang 1700, ito ay gobyernong Bagong Taon. Anumang unang araw ng taon (katulad ng unang araw ng buwan) ay tinuturing na «mapanganib na oras», na nangangailangan ng mga partikular na ritual para sa pangangalaga ng kaligtasan sa buong susunod na panahon. Ang baboy, bilang isa sa mga pangunahing hayop sa pamahalaang bayan (pinagkukunan ng sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang sariwang 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