Lyudmila Kuzminichna belonged to the generation that endured all the hardships of the war and which experienced difficulties affected, on the one hand, in the ability to set a clear goal and strive hard to achieve it, on the other hand, many of this generation were seriously affected by the same circumstances even in childhood and adolescence, and this is very serious. made their lives difficult. For Lyudmila Kuzminichna, both the first and second circumstances were relevant.

L.K. Pavlovskaya was born in Leningrad in 1926. Before reaching the age of fifteen, she met the Patriotic War in Leningrad, endured the winter of the siege, and together with her mother worked at the Kim linen factory. Closer to the summer of 1942, she was evacuated from the factory in Borovichi, where she remained until 1944, working first as a seamstress and then as an accountant. After returning to Leningrad in 1944-1948, she worked as an accountant in a stationary aviation workshop. At the same time, she studied at the evening school of working youth, from which she graduated in 1948 with a gold medal, which gave her the right of non-competitive admission to higher educational institutions. L. K. Pavlovskaya chose the Eastern Faculty of Leningrad State University in the Department of Chinese Philology. It also found such brilliant sinologists and teachers as Acad. V. M. Alekseev, G. F. Smykalov, A. A. Dragunov, O. L. Fishman, and V. A. Velgus. Young, beautiful and energetic, she impressed students with the fact that when she entered the university, she was already the mother of a three-year-old son. After graduating from the University in 1953. She worked in the Library of the Academy of Sciences as a senior librarian. She moved to the LO YIWU Library of the USSR Academy of Sciences, where she led the work on cataloging the Chinese book collection, which was already very numerous at that time. Here she showed the qualities that she retained until the end of her career. It was scrupulously accurate both in following the general cataloging instructions and those additional rules that were developed taking into account the specifics of the Chinese book. The result of the work of the group headed by her is still a card catalog consisting of six standard cubes. Each card is personally checked by her

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and approved by signature. This work was completed in 1962. In 1961, she became a junior researcher.

After completing the catalog, L. K. Pavlovskaya briefly worked in the group for the description of manuscripts from Dunhuang, participated in the preparation of the collection " Oriental Novella "(1963), where she published her translation of the short story "Commander in Chief" by Wang Tong-zhao, wrote a review article on the series of sinological indexes of Yanjing University (published in 1974), compiled abstracts However, she found her real topic in a study of pinghua, a Chinese folk anonymous novel of the Song period (960-1278). It was here that she showed outstanding abilities as a researcher, philologist and literary critic. On the advice of the author of these lines, she began studying one of the main works of this genre, Pinghua on the History of the Five Dynasties. It must be said that this early folk novel, even among Chinese researchers (such as the great Zheng Zhen-do), did not arouse much enthusiasm. In his famous Illustrated History of Chinese Literature, Zheng Zhen-do speaks fluently about Pinghua, claiming that it is only a very close retelling of historical works. L. K. Pavlovskaya approached the topic from the very beginning as a serious researcher, deciding to test this statement on the texts.

She regularly published the results of her research in collections of reports, articles, and abstracts, which she presented at various scientific conferences. During the following years-until her PhD in 1975-she published about fifteen articles on Pinghua in general and on "Pinghua on the History of the Five Dynasties" in particular, in each of which she made systematic comparisons of historical and literary sources, expressing these comparisons in tables and statistical calculations that made her conclusions especially convincing. She showed that the Pinghua folk novel has an independent, even pivotal, meaning in the history of Chinese narrative prose. That pinghua is by no means a simple repetition of information from official history. That, thanks to the special compositional techniques of pinghua, it acquires an ideological coloring that clearly distinguishes these popular works from official historiography. That the further development of the Chinese great author's novel from The Three Kingdoms by Luo Guan-zhong to The Backwaters of the River by Shi Nayan would not have been possible without Pinghua's experience. The study "Pinghua on the History of the Five Dynasties" was completed with the PhD thesis "Pinghua - a folk historical novel" and the publication in 1984 of the commented and supplemented study "Newly compiled pinghua on the History of the Five Dynasties".

The next stage of the work was the study of other works of the same layer of popular narratives. In 1987, her second book, Shihua on How the Tripitaka of the Great Tang obtained the Sacred Books (translation, Commentary, and Research), was published. And this publication was also preceded by a series of articles and reports.

L. K. Pavlovskaya regularly used the advice of the incomparable expert of the Far East B. I. Pankratov, preserving a grateful memory of this man and his inexhaustible knowledge.

L. K. Pavlovskaya did not leave her bibliographic works either. She wrote a guide to the Chinese book fund of the Institute of Oriental Studies, the article "Chinese reference and Encyclopedic Literature" (both works are still in manuscript).

L. K. Pavlovskaya planned further studies of works of the pinghua genre, in particular "Pinghua on the Three Kingdoms", as evidenced by some of her recent articles. But the revealed symptoms of a serious illness did not allow the plans to be realized. In November 1985. she was forced to retire. The rest of her life was a succession of hospitals and sanatoriums with periods of comparative relief. Lyudmila Kuzminichna failed to fulfill her plan-a systematic study of all extant pinghua trees. Her contribution to science may seem modest, but in reality it is not. In her research, she proved that this genre of vernacular narratives in the history of Chinese literature should occupy a much more significant place than the one previously assigned to it. And now, although almost twenty years have passed since L. K. Pavlovskaya was forced to leave her research, as far as can be judged, nothing new has been added to her conclusions in world Sinology.

L. N. MENSHIKOV

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MAIN SCIENTIFIC WORKS OF L. K. PAVLOVSKAYA ^*

Wang Tong-zhao. The Commander-in-Chief, translated from Chinese, Vostochnaya Novella, Moscow, IVL. 1963, pp. 220-230.

Some preliminary observations on the sources of "Pinghua on the History of Five Dynasties" and their use / / Written monuments and problems of the history of culture of the peoples of the East (hereinafter-PP and PIKNV). Session II. L., 1966. pp. 42-44.

"Pinghua on the history of the Five Dynasties" (on some compositional features and place among other pinghua) / / PP and PIKNV. Session III. 1967. pp. 77-78.

From the history of the text "Pinghua on the History of Five Dynasties". Session IV. 1968. pp. 83-86.

Reference manuals as an indicator of the stages of development of Chinese literature // Teoreticheskie problemy izucheniya literatury Dalnego Vostoka [Theoretical problems of studying the literature of the Far East], Moscow, 1970, pp. 34-36 (together with L. N. Menshikov).

"Pinghua on the history of the Five Dynasties" (on some questions of the structure and methods of presenting history). Session VI. 1970. pp. 61-63.

"Pinghua on the history of Five Dynasties" (some preliminary observations on sources and their use) / / History, culture, languages of the peoples of the East. 1970. pp. 132-138.

"Pinghua on the history of Five Dynasties" (on compositional features and place among other pinghua) // Countries and peoples of the East. XI. Collection in honor of B. I. Pankratov. 1970.

About the genre of pinghua / / PP and PIKNV. Session IX. 1973. pp. 109-112.

On the series of sinological indexes of Yanjing University / / Written Monuments of the East. Yearbook 1971. Moscow, GRVL. 1974. pp. 388-423.

Pinghua-a Folk Historical Novel (based on the "Newly Compiled Pinghua on the History of the Five Dynasties"). L., 1975. 17 p.

Official documents in the text "Pinghua on the History of the Five Dynasties" (Wu dai shi pinghua) // Teoreticheskie problemy izucheniya literatury Dalnego Vostoka [Theoretical problems of studying the literature of the Far East]. Moscow, GRVL, 1977, pp. 98-105.

From the history of the text "Pinghua on the history of Five Dynasties" / / Written monuments of the East. Yearbook 1972. Moscow, GRVL. 1977. pp. 231-240.

Hsin-pien Wu-tai shih p'ing-hua // A Sung Bibliography (Bibliographic des Sung). Hong Kong, 1978. P. 484-485.

On two titles of the folk narrative about the journey of the Tang monk Tripitaka to India for Sutras. Session XIV. 1981. pp. 50-55.

Historical Fact and literary fact (based on the material of the "Newly Compiled Pinghua on the History of Five Dynasties") / / Literatury stran Dal'nego Vostoka, Moscow, GRVL. 1979, pp. 37-43.

Shihua on how Tripitaka of the Great Tang obtained the Sutras (Tripitaka's Journey) // Theoretical problems of studying the literature of the Far East. 1980. pp. 175-185.

Pinghua on how Tripitaka of the Great Tang obtained the sutras (on the presentation of some historical facts from the life of the monk Xuanzang). Session XV. 1981. pp. 50-55.

Shihua on how Tripitaka of the Great Tang obtained the sutras (written sources and their place in the plot and composition). Session XVI. 1982. pp. 46-52.

On some trends in the evolution of historical plots in Chinese narrative literature. The ancient tale-bianwen-pinghua / / PP and PIKNV. Session XVII. Part 2. 1983. pp. 46-51.

A newly compiled pinghua on the history of the Five Dynasties (Xin bian Wu-dai shi pinghua). - Translated from Chinese, research. and comment. M., GRVL. 1984.449 p. (Ser. Written monuments of the East-PPV. LXV).

On genres of medieval Chinese historical narratives / / XVI Conference "Society and State in China" Part 1. Moscow, 1985, pp. 202-207.

On the historical sources of "Pinghua on how the Kingdom of Qin joined the six kingdoms" (Qin bing liu guo pinghua) / / PP and PICNV. Session XVIII. Part 2. 1985. pp. 17-22.

On the creation of an artistic character in the Chinese folk historical novel - pinghua (Image of Huang Chao in "Newly Compiled Pinghua on the History of the Five Dynasties"). Session XVIII. Ch. 3. Moscow, 1985. pp. 21-29.

On the problem of dating "Pinghua on how the Kingdom of Qin joined the six kingdoms" / / PP and PKNV. Session XIX. Part 1. 1986. pp. 36-49.

"Shihua on how the Tripitaka of the Great Tang obtained the sacred books "(Da Tang San-tsang qu jing shihua). - Translated from Chinese, research. and notes M., GRVL. 1987. (Ser. PPV, LXXXII).

^* Comp. by L. N. Menshikov.

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