“White Noise” and Human Health: Neurophysiological Mechanisms and Contextual Effectiveness Introduction: Definition and Physical Characteristics White Noise is an acoustic signal in which sound energy is evenly distributed across the entire spectrum of audible frequencies (similar to white light, which combines all colors). To the ear, it is perceived as a monotonous hissing sound, reminiscent of a fan, the sound of a waterfall, or an unadjusted analog television. From a scientific point of view, its key property is the ability to mask other more sharp and uneven sounds, which defines its main application area in the context of health. I. Potential Benefits and Mechanisms of Action Masking disruptive sounds and improving sleep. The most studied and proven application of white noise is related to the fight against fragmented, intermittent noise (traffic, conversations, snoring). The principle is based on the neurophysiological phenomenon of “acoustic masking”. Sharp, irregular sounds activate the reticular formation of the brain and maintain a state of alertness. Monotonic white noise creates an acoustic “blanket”, increasing the threshold of perception of these sounds and reducing the contrast between silence and sudden noise. A study (2012) published in the journal “Sleep Medicine” showed that the use of white noise among New Yorkers reduced the time to fall asleep by 38% and improved sleep consolidation, especially in a noisy urban environment. Improving attention in individuals with ADHD. For people with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), a low tolerance to distractions is characteristic. Paradoxically, moderate background white noise (optimal level — about 78 dB) can improve cognitive functions such as memory and concentration in this group. According to the “moderate brain arousal model”, white noise creates an optimal level of background neural stimulation, allowing insufficiently active dopaminergic systems in ADHD to work more effectively. Empi ... Read more