New Year's and Christmas Mood: Neurobiology, Cultural Psychology, and Ritual Introduction: Mood as a Complex Phenomenon “New Year's mood” is not just a common expression, but a complex psychophysiological and sociocultural phenomenon that combines a complex of emotions, cognitive attitudes, and behavioral reactions. From a scientific point of view, it is the result of the interaction of several factors: seasonal biological changes, cultural programming through rituals, social expectations, and individual memory. Christmas mood, with a more pronounced religious and family character, often acts as its constituent part or basis, forming a unified festive chronotope lasting from the end of December to the first week of January. Neurobiological Foundations: The Chemistry of Celebration The subjective feeling of celebration has a material basis in the brain, related to the work of neurotransmitters and hormones. Dopamine — a neurotransmitter of expectation and reward. The period of preparation (Advent, choosing gifts, planning) stimulates its production. The anticipation of the celebration (“dopamine anticipation”) often turns out to be even stronger than the experience of the event itself. This hypothesis is confirmed by studies showing a peak of happiness in people before their vacation. Serotonin and melatonin — regulators of seasonal rhythms. In winter, with the shortening of daylight, the level of serotonin (“the hormone of good mood”) may decrease, which contributes to seasonal affective disorder. However, bright festive lighting (garlands, lights) and rituals are a cultural mechanism of compensation for this deficit, artificially stimulating vitality. Oxytocin — the “bonding hormone”. It is activated during family gatherings, banquets, gift-giving, and physical contact (hugs, kisses under the mistletoe). It strengthens the feeling of trust, closeness, and warmth, which is a key component of the Christmas mood. Endorphins are released during laughter, festiv ... Read more